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怎样保管好字画

来源：http://www.jinandayatang.com 发布时间：2017-01-13

字画保管不妥是各种因素造成的，如因季节更替产生的温差变化，干、湿不匀，阳光紫外线辐射，环境空气尘埃的污染等等，由此而发生虫蛀、霉变、褪色等现象，使一幅完整的字画面目全非，失去其艺术价值。如果我们了解到字画容易受损的弱点，采取一些有效地防止措施，将会在一定程度上延缓其变旧破损进程，从而使字画寿命延长，能保持其原貌。
And custody is wrong is caused by various factors, such as due to temperature changes produced by the seasons, dry and wet unevenness, sunshine ultraviolet radiation, air dust pollution and so on, which caused a moth, mildew, fade phenomenon, make a complete and completely lost its artistic value. If we learned calligraphy and painting easily damaged weaknesses, take some effective prevention measures, will delay the aging process of damage to a certain extent, so that the painting to life extension, can keep its original appearance.
字画，不论是立轴、屏、对联、手卷、册页、还是扇面、斗方，基本上属纸质品和丝织品两种，因为都含纤维质，所以具有吸湿性。装裱字画用过的糨糊，含有蛋白质和糖，这又是蠢虫赖以生存的食粮。一幅字画若不精心保管，就很容易遭受各种侵蚀，从而损坏变质。
The calligraphy and painting, whether vertical, screen, scroll, album, or antithetical couplet, fan, Doufang, basically belong to paper products and two kinds of silk fabrics, because it contains rich fiber, it is hygroscopic. The calligraphy and painting mounting used paste, containing protein and sugar, it is food for the survival of the stupid bug. A painting does not care, it is easy to suffer from all kinds of erosion and damage deterioration.
凡收藏的字画，放在封闭的箱、橱、柜内，使字画能拥有一个稳定的有限空间，避免直接受侵蚀和污染。但这并不是说一旦放进去就万事大吉，因为它还是会受到侵蚀的，保存久的辽画被虫蛀是常见的一种毁坏现象。这种蛀虫，人们常称“蠢”虫，呈灰白色，身体短小。大约每年五月左右，随着温度的升高，蠢虫也大量繁殖。防止的办法，可用樟脑丸或上海产的樟脑精块等类药物驱虫。这种樟脑药主要通过其自然挥发出特殊的气味来防虫，具有较好的驱虫效果。使用时可以将樟脑药放在收藏字画的周围。此药一年之中分期放二次，次在34月，第二次在1011月，这样防虫效果更好。
All of the paintings, the best placed in a closed box, cabinet, cabinet, and the calligraphy and paintings have a limited spatial stability, avoid direct erosion and pollution. But this is not to say that once put in Everything will be fine, because it will erode, save for Liaoning painting moth eaten is a common phenomenon of destruction. This moth, often called the "stupid" bug, grayish white, short stature. Around May of every year, with the rise of temperature, stupid insects multiply. The way to prevent, camphor blocks such as anthelmintic available mothballs or produced in Shanghai. This medicine is mainly through its natural camphor volatile scent to insects, has better effect of insecticide. Around the use can be placed in the collection of paintings of campylobactor. This medicine is the best time of the year on the stage two times, the first time in the 3 to second times in April, 10 to November, this pest control effect is better.
放在箱、橱、柜内的字画除放药外，还要做到勤翻动，及时不洁之物。每隔半年左右就要展开看看，特别是梅雨季节过去之后，能分批将字画取出来挂几天这称为“晾画”，这样能有效地防止字画生霉。
Put the medicine on the outside in addition to calligraphy and painting box, cabinet, cabinet, but also do change, the timely removal of unclean. Every six months will start to see, especially in the rainy season has passed, the best batch will take out a few days of this painting is called "dry painting", which can effectively prevent mildew and.
霉菌在潮湿、温暖和黑暗条件下易繁殖，因此，字画的贮藏空间，温暖应保持在14℃——20℃左右，相对湿度在50——60%。因为室内相对湿度偏高，容易引起纸张受潮而滋长霉菌。而太干燥又容易引起字画的翘曲变脆，一般的家庭遇天气干燥时，可常用湿墩布拖地，或在房内放盆水，天气潮湿时，尤其在雨季，尽量少开窗户，这样可以使房间的湿度得到相应的控制。
Mold in the wet and warm and dark conditions most likely to breed, therefore, and storage space should be maintained at 14 degrees warm - 20 degrees Celsius, relative humidity in 50 - 60%. Because the indoor relative humidity is high, easy to cause damp paper and grow mold. Which is too dry and easy to cause and warpage of the brittle, general family in case when the weather is dry, can be used wet mop mopping the floor, or put a basin of water in the room, when the weather is wet, especially in the rainy season, as little as possible to open the window, so you can make the room humidity corresponding control.
长期悬挂在外面的字面，会受到太阳紫外线的辐射，使字画颜色褪淡，字迹模糊，发生纤维的老化、变脆。因此，一般不要将珍贵的字画长期地挂在厅室里，更不要挂在太阳能直射到的壁上。应挂一段时间再收藏起来，若字画数量多，则可以采取轮流悬挂的办法，这样做，既能展开收藏字画的不同风格，欣赏佳作，又能延缓老化变色过程。
The long hanging on the outside of the letter, will be affected by the sun's ultraviolet radiation, the calligraphy and painting color fades, illegible, aging, brittle fibre. Therefore, generally not the precious paintings long hanging in the hall room, do not hang in the solar direct to the wall. Should be in a period of time to collect, if and number, you can take turns hanging way, do this, different style, can not only expand the appreciation of calligraphy and painting works, and can delay the aging process of discoloration.
尘埃也是字画的大敌之一。挂在墙上，或存放在箱、柜中的字画，同样会受到尘埃的影响，细小的尘埃沾在字画表面，遇到一定的湿度，它能成为不洁净的小颗粒，等小颗粒的水分蒸发，会在画面上留下黄色斑点。
It is also one of the greatest enemies of calligraphy. Hanging on the wall, or stored in the box, cabinet and influence will also be dust, fine dust stick in the calligraphy and painting surface, meet certain humidity, it can become small particles are not clean, water evaporation and other small particles, leaving yellow spots on the screen.
除此之外，对字画保护还应注意，在欣赏观看时，不要用手指指点点接触画面，唾沫沾染。展开和收卷时不要将画折坏留下折痕，因收藏的字画由于年久而变得较脆，容易弄折裂，所以一般不要随便动手，就是收、拿、卷、挂等动作，也一定要格外小心，做到轻手轻脚。
In addition, the calligraphy and painting protection should also pay attention to, in appreciation of watch, don't touch screen with a finger pointing, saliva contamination. Expansion and winding will not draw off bad left crease, for collection of calligraphy and painting by age and become more brittle, easily broken, so don't start, is closed, take, roll, hanging and other movements, also must be very careful, do cautiously without any noise.
以上介绍的几种保管字画的简易方法，仅供一般爱好字画的收藏者参考。我们用满腔的热情、无限的激情对待工作和客户，我们愿意用勤奋的努力和您一起共铸美好明天！
Several simple methods introduced above to keep the pictures, for the general interest in calligraphy and painting collectors reference. We are filled with enthusiasm and passion towards work and customers, we are willing to use the hard work and you create a better tomorrow!

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